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The GeneTree DNA Problem Solving Workbook is assembled to educate DNA testing consumers on the different methods that use DNA to answer questions such as paternity, positive identification, and solving crimes.
Below you will find three different problems to solve. The answers are located below each problem.
The first problem demonstrates how the DNA profiles of a Mother and Father can be used to determine who their child is. The second problem demonstrates how DNA profiles can be used to solve a crime. The third problem is used to help people understand what things use DNA, and what things do not.
Which child (in Figure 2) belongs to the parents (in Figure 1)?
Did you know that everyone has a unique DNA profile? By looking at several different locations on the DNA you can see a pattern that makes you different from everyone else. Furthermore, you get half your DNA from each of your parents.
By looking at the DNA profiles below, can you determine which child (in Figure 2) belongs to the Mother and Father (in Figure 1)?
Figure 1: The parents DNA profiles.
Figure 2: The DNA profiles of three (3) children.
Answer: The Mother and Father are Christina’s parents. Billy and Katie have different parents. In Location 1, Christina got the 10 from her Mother and the 15 from her Father. At the other Locations, can you determine which marker Christina got from Mother and which she got from her Father?
Whose DNA is on the cookie jar?
Since everyone has a very unique DNA profile, when people touch things they can leave trace evidence of DNA, linking them to being somewhere. DNA can be used to solve crimes by putting someone at the scene of a crime using DNA evidence.
For example, after some cookies were taken from a cookie jar, the cookie jar was tested for DNA. Below you can see the DNA profile that was found on the cookie jar. Billie, Christina and Katie all said that they have never touched the cookie jar.
By comparing the DNA profile on the cookie jar (Figure 3) with the DNA profiles for Billie, Christina and Katie (Figure 4), can you tell who touched the cookie jar?
Figure 3: The DNA profile found on the cookie jar.
Figure 4: The DNA profiles of three (3) children.
Answer: Katie’s DNA matched the DNA found on the cookie jar.
Which items listed below use DNA, and which do not?
Can you tell which of the following use DNA and which do not? Remember, DNA is in all living things (Hint: 9 of the items below have DNA and 9 do not have DNA).
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Answers: The cat, dog, tree, mouse, flower, fish, monkey, snake, and bug are all made using DNA.
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